John C. Semple WAT

Classification and Illustrations of Goldenrods

Solidago

Solidago sect. Solidago

Solidago subsect. Solidago

Solidago ser. Solidago

Solidago virgaurea (type species of genus); habit, cult. Québec; native to Europe
Solidago dahurica; native to central Asia, northern China and central and eastern Russia
Solidago decurrens; native to eastern and southern China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Philippines; habit (herbarium sheet) Japan
Solidago minutissima; very rare in southern Japan (Yakushima Island)
Solidago mirabilis; rare in northwestern Honshu Is. and Hokkaido Is. in Japan; habit (herbarium sheet) Japan
Solidago pacifica; native to northeastern China, Korea and adjacent Russia
Solidago kurilensis; southern Kuril Islands

Solidago ser. Multiradiatae

Solidago multiradiata; habit; alpine zone, Colorado; habit, heads, northwestern Wyoming
Solidago leiocarpa (syn: S. cutleri); robust plant, small plants, heads, involucre, New Hampshire
Solidago spithamea; habitat, habit, North Carolina

Solidago ser. Humiles

Solidago simplex
- ssp. simplex
  - var. simplex; habit, N shore of Lake Superior, Ontario
  - var. nana; habit, leaves, heads, Mt. Hood, Oregon
  - var. chlorolepis, small plant, heads, Québec
- ssp. randii
  - var. monticola; habits, Maine
  - var. gillmanii; habit, heads,Wisconsin; habit, Indiana
  - var. ontarioensis; habit, Ontario
  - var. racemosa; habit, Québec; habitat Falls of the Potomac
Solidago spathulata; habit, beach, Oregon
Solidago plumosa; habit, heads (herbarium sheet) North Carolina
Solidago kralii; habit, heads, bee visitor (Georgia)
Solidago arenicola; habit; head (Alabama)

Solidago subsect. Thyrsiflorae (Wrightii Group)

Solidago buckleyi; habit, Missouri

Solidago petiolaris; habit, Missouri

Solidago wrightii; habit, heads, wasp, Arizona

Solidago orientalis (Mexican)

Solidago subsect. Squarrosae (Bicolor Group)

Solidago bicolor; habit and heads, Ontario; capitulescences, North Carolina

Solidago erecta

Solidago hispida

var. hispida; habit, Ontario

var. huronensis; habit, stem, leaf, Lake Huron Dunes, Ontario

Solidago puberula var. puberula; habit, New York; immature heads, North Carolina

Solidago roanensis

Solidago sciaphila; habit, heads (immature), bluff of Mississippi R., Minnesota

Solidago speciosa

subsp. speciosa

var. speciosa; habits, New York, South Carolina (2m plus tall), Nebraska

var. rigidiuscula; habit; Walpole Is., Ontario

subsp. pallida; habit, inflorescence, Black Hills, South Dakota

Solidago squarrosa; habit, Ontario; habit of large plant, heads, New Brunswick

Solidago villosicarpa; habit, head, North Carolina

Solidago subsect. Glomeruliflorae (Flexicaulis Group)

Solidago albopilosa; habit, stem, heads; Kentucky
Solidago caesia

var. caesia; capitulescence; woods, Cambridge, Ontario

var. zedia; upper shoot (holotype WAT); mid stem leaf (Demaree 22596)

Solidago curtisii

var. curtisii; capitulescence, head with lancifolia and glomerata, North Carolina

var. flaccidifolia; habit, North Carolina

Solidago ouachitensis; habit, Arkansas

Solidago flexicaulis; habit, oak woods, Niagara escarpment, Ontario

Solidago glomerata; habit, heads, Tennessee

Solidago lancifolia; habit, capitulescence, capitulescence branch, pressed head; North Carolina

Solidago macrophylla; habit, Ontario

Solidago subsect. Argutae (Arguta Group)
Solidago ser. Argutae

Solidago arguta; habit, Florida

Solidago faucibus

Solidago brachyphylla

Solidago ludoviciana; habit, Texas

Solidago patula

subsp. patula; habit, New York; stem, heads with wasp, North Carolina

subsp. strictula; capitulescence, stem; Mississippi

Solidago tarda

Solidago verna; habit, abaxial leaf surface, heads (herbarium sheet)
South Carolina

   Solidago ser. Auriculatae

Solidago auriculata; habit (herbarium sheet), Alabama

   Solidago ser. Brachychaeta

Solidago sphacelata; habit, fruit with reduced pappus, North Carolina

Solidago subsect. Junceae (Juncea Group)

Solidago juncea; habit, heads with moth, Ontario

Solidago pinetorum; habit, heads, North Carolina

Solidago gattingeri; habit, lower leaf, upper leaf, heads (herbarium sheet) Missouri

Solidago missouriensis; habit, Colorado

Solidago confinis; habit (luxuriant form), rosette, California

Solidago guiradonis; habit; very rare in San Benito Co., California

Solidago spectabilis; habitat, habit, California

Solidago subsect. Maritimae (Sempervirens Group)

Solidago sempervirens

subsp. sempervirens; habit, Nova Scotia; habit, Ontario

subsp. mexicana; habit, Florida, Sanibel Is.

Solidago gracillima; habit, capitulescence branch, South Carolina; habit (herbarium sheet Godfrey 60447 MT), Florida
Solidago pulchra; capitulescence, North Carolina

Solidago stricta; habit, 1-2 m tall, Florida; basal leaves and capitulescence, South Carolina
Solidago austrina; habit, capitulescence, Alabama; serrate basal stem leaves, North Carolina

Solidago perlonga; habit, heads, Virginia; inflorescence variation, New Jersey
Solidago uliginosa; habit, capitulescence; Ontario

Solidago simulans; habit, rosette leaves (sheathing bases), Whiteside Mt., North Carolina

Solidago subsect. Venosae (Rugosa Group)
   Solidago ser. Venosae

Solidago ulmifolia

var. ulmifolia; habit, few long-branched capitulescence, stem, mid stem leaves, heads, margin of woods, Indiana

var. palmeri

Solidago delicatula; habit, stem, leaves (herbarium sheet) Texas

Solidago latissimifolia; habit, heads; Massachusetts

Solidago rugosa

ssp. rugosa

var. rugosa, habit, Québec; capitulescence (vary from secund dense pyramidal to few-branched and ulmifolia-like), Ontario

var. sphagnophila, habit, stem, Connecticut

ssp. aspera

var. aspera, leaf; SEUS

var. celtidifolia; habit, North Carolina

var. nov.; habitat, capitulescence, wasp visitor; North Carolina

Solidago fistulosa; habit with narrow capitulescences, leaves, Delaware; habit with ulmifolia-like capitulescence, Florida

   Solidago ser. Odorae

Solidago odora (subsect. Odorae)

subsp. odora; habit, leaf

subsp. chapmanii

   Solidago ser. Drummondianae

Solidago drummondii; habit (herbarium sheet) Arkansas

Solidago subsect. Triplinervae (Canadensis Group)

Solidago altissima

subsp. altissima; capitulescence; stem galls, heads; Ontario

subsp. gilvocanescens; shoot with insect gall, North Dakota

Solidago juliae; habit, stem, leaves, heads (isotype WAT) Texas

Solidago altiplanities; habit, stem/leaf venation, involucre (isotype MO) Oklahoma

Solidago tortifolia; habit, senescent lower leaves, upper stem and leaves (herbarium sheets) Alabama, Georgia

Solidago canadensis

var. canadensis ; capitulescence (from above) Ontario; cultivated, London UK

var. hargeri

feral European form; habit, London UK

Solidago elongata; habit; Oregon

Solidago gigantea; habit, Ontario; capitulescence, triple-nerved leaf, Ontario

Solidago lepida

   subsp. lepida

var. lepida; habit, Northwest Territories; capitulescence, northern British Columbia; glands on phyllaries, Québec

var. salebrosa; habit, Northwest Territories; leaves, Washington (holotype GH)

subsp. fallax; stem leaf, Newfoundland

Solidago leavenworthii; habit, leaf (herbarium sheet) Florida; icy leaves, Florida in October

Solidago rupestris; habit (herbarium sheet, BRIT)

Solidago shortii

Solidago gypsophila (Mexican)

Solidago muelleri (Mexican)

Solidago pringlei (Mexican)

        Chilensis Complex (South American)

S. chilensis (including S. linearifolia, S. patagonica)

S. microglossa (S. chilensis var. megapotamica)

Solidago subsect. Nemorales (Nemoralis Group)

Solidago nana; habit, Nevada; capitulescences, Wyoming

Solidago nemoralis

subsp. decemflora

subsp. nemoralis; habitat and habit; sandy field in eastern Ontario

Solidago hintoniorum (Mexican); habit (Sundberg 3114 TEX)

Solidago macvaughii (Mexican)

Solidago mollis; capitulescence

Solidago radula; habits Louisiana, Missouri 1 & 2, lower leaf, mid stem leaves

Solidago velutina

subsp. californica; capitulescence,California

subsp. sparsiflora; habit, Arizona

subsp. velutina (Mexican)

Solidago sect. Ptarmicoidei (Oligoneuron Group)

Solidago houghtonii; habit; limestone alvars, Bruce Peninsula, Ontario

Solidago ohioensis; habit, Ontario

Solidago riddellii; habit; capitulescence s and leaves; praire-like oak savannahs, Ontario

Solidago nitida; habit

Solidago ptarmicoides (syn: S. asteroides); habit (cult.), involucres, florets Ontario

Solidago rigida;

ssp. rigida; habitat, Walpole Is., Ontario

ssp. humilis; habit, Kansas; tall stem with future biologist, South Dakota

ssp. glabrata

Last update 2 September 2011 by J.C. Semple      © 2011 J.C. Sempl, including all photographs